Condition of Coral Fish in Tapanuli Tengah Waters

Sasanti Retno Suharti, Isa Nagib Edrus

Abstract


Coral reefs is a center for biodiversity in the world with a complex architecture and has an aesthetics value. It also offers beneficial for human being in many aspects such as economics, social and culture. Research was conducted in July 2016 and aim to understand community structure and biomass of coral reef fishes in Tapanuli Tengah waters. Result from all stations in Tapanuli Tengah waters showed that 49 species from seven families of economically reef fish i.e.  Acanthuridae, Serranidae, Haemulidae, Lutjanidae, Lehtrinidae, Siganidae and Scaridae were found. Density average of those seven families was 163 individual/350 m2 or 4668 individual/ha with biomass average of 1.564 ton/ha. Moreover, biomass from other target fishes from nine families was accounted as 0.56 ton/ha. On the other hand, over all coralifore fish represented by Chaetodontidae was eight species from two genus, namely Chaetodon and Heniochus with four species. The density from family Chaetodotidae varies among station between 3-28 individual/350 m2



Keywords


Coral reef, community structure, biomass, coral reef fishes, Tapanuli Tengah

References


Allen GR, R Steene, P Humann & N Deloach. 2009. Reef Fish Identification, Tropical Pacific. New World Publications, Inc. El Cajon CA. 480 pp.

Allen GR & MV Erdmann. 2012. Reef Fishes of the East Indies. Univ of Hawaii Press. 1292 pp.

Amesbury SS. 1981. Effects of turbidity on shallow-water reef fish assemblages in Truk, Eastern Caroline Islands. Proceedings of the Fourth International Coral Reef Symposium, Manilla 1: 155–159.

Badan Pusat Statistik. 2015. Tapanuli Tengah dalam Angka 2015. BPS Tapanuli Tengah. 323 hal.

Carlson JK, SJB Gulak, CA Simpfendorfer, RD Grubbs & JG Romine. 2013. Movement patterns and habitat use of smalltooth sawfish, Pristis pectinata, determined using pop up satellite archival tags. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, DOI: 10.1002/aqc.2382.

Carpenter KE, RI Miclat, VD Albaladejo & VT Corpuz. 1981. The influence of substrate structure on the local abundance and diversity of Philippine reef fishes. Proc. Fourth Int. Coral Reef Symp. Manila 2: 497-502.

Connel SD & JP Jones. 1991. The influence of habitat complexity on postrecruitment processes in a temperate reef fish population. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 151(2): 271-294.

Craigi MT, RT Graham, RA Torres, JR Hyde, MO Freitas, BP Ferreira, M Hostim-Silva, LC Gerhardinger, AA Bertoncini & DR Robertson. 2009. How many species of goliath grouper are there? Cryptic genetic divergence in a threatened marine fish and the resurrection of a geopolitical species. Endang Species Res., 7: 167–174.

Eakin CM, G Liu, AM Gomez, JL De La Cour, SF Heron, WJ Skirving, EF Geiger, KV Tirak & AE Strong. 2016. Global coral bleaching 2014-2017? Status and an appeal for observations. Reef Encounter, 43 31(1): 20-26.

Edrus IN, Y Siswantoro & I Suprihanto. 2007. Jenis-jenis dan kepadatan ikan karang di pulau Penata besar, Lemukutan dan pulau Kabung, Perairan Kalimantan Barat. Jur. Pen. Perikanan Indonesia, 13(1): 21 – 34.

Edrus IN & IE Setyawan. 2013. Pengaruh kecerahan air laut terhadap struktur komunitas ikan karang di perairan pulau Belitung. J. Lit. Perikan. Ind., 19: 2: 55-64.

English S, C Wilkinson & V Baker.1994. Survei Manual for Tropical Marine Resources. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville. Australia.

Feary DA, GR Almany, GP Jones & MI McCormick. 2007. Coral degradation and the structure of tropical reef Fish communities. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 333: 243–248.

Froese R & D Pauly. 2014. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org, version (04/2014).

Green AL & DR Bellwood. 2009. Monitoring functional groups of herbivorous reef fishes as indicators of coral reef resilience-A practical guide for coral reef managers in the Asia Pacific region. IUCN working group on Climate Change on Coral Reefs. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. 70 pages

Giyanto, M Abrar & RM Siringoringo. 2013. Kondisi terumbu karang di Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah. Dalam: Suharsono & Giyanto (Eds). Monitoring Kesehatan Terumbu Karang. P2O-LIPI, Jakarta: 1 – 15.

Gladfelter WB & EH Gladfelter. 1978. Fish community structure as a function of habitat structure on West Indian patch reefs. Rev. Biol. Trop. 26 (Suppl. 1): 65-84.

Holt BG, R Rioja-Nieto, MA MacNeil, J Lupton & C Rahbek. 2013. Comparing diversity data collected using a protocol designed for volunteers with results from a professional alternative. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 4: 383-392.

Hukom FD & Djuwariah. 2009. BME Ekologi di Kab. Tapanuli Tengah (P. Poncan, P. Mansalar & Desa Sitardas). COREMAP-II LIPI Jakarta.

Kuiter, RH & T Tonozuka. 2001. Pictorial Guide to: Indonesian Reef Fishes. Zoonetics Publc. SeafordVIC 3198. Australia.

Luckhurst BE & K Luckhurst. 1978. Analysis of the influence of substrate variables on coral reef fish com- munities. Mar. Biol., 49: 317-323.

McClanahan RT & C Jadot. 2017. Managing coral reef fish community biomass is a priority for biodiversity conservation in Madagascar. Mar.Ecol. Prog. Ser.,580: 169-190

Mujiyanto Y, Sugianti & ST Hartati. 2011. Hubungan kelimpahan ikan famili Chaetodontidae dengan kondisi terumbu karang di perairan Jemeluk Bali. Pros. Seminar Nasional: Strategi pembangunan perikanan dan kelautan berwawasan lingkungan. Fak. Perikanan Univ. Pancasakti. Tegal: 1-14.

Pusat Penelitian Oseanografi LIPI. 2017. Laporan Akhir Ekspedisi Widya Nusantara 2016 Menguak Potensi Perairan Sumba. Pusat Penelitian Oseanografi - Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Jakarta. 79 hal.

Risk MJ. 1972. Fish diversity on a coral reef in the Virgin Islands. Atoll Res. Bull., 193: 1 - 6.

Roberts CM & RFG Ormond. 1987. Habitat complexity and coral reef fish diversity and abundance on Red Sea fringing reefs. Marine Ecology, 41: 1 – 8.

Roger A, JL Blanchard & PJ Mumby. Vulnerability of Coral Reef Fisheries to a Loss of Structural Complexity. Current Biology 24(9): 1000-1005

Sirait H. 2009. Kajian Komunitas Terumbu Karang Daerah Perlindungan Laut Perairan Sitardas Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah Propinsi Sumatera Utara. Tesis. Sekolah Pasca Sarjana IPB, Bogor, 124 hal.

Sirait H, MM Kamal & NA Butet. 2009. Kajian Komunitas Terumbu Karang Daerah Perlindungan Laut Perairan Sitardas Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah Propinsi Sumatera Utara. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan dan Perikanan Indonesia, 16(2): 111 - 118.

Siringoringo RM, Pramudji, MH Azkab, M Abrar, IN Edrus, AS Adji, UY Arbi, NWP Sari, AK Wardana, A Rasyidin, R Sutiadi, LH Purnomo, E Bangun, A Hutauruk, A Sofian, R Purba, S Pandiangan & Z Siregar. 2015. Monitoring Kesehatan Terumbu Karang dan Ekosistem Terkait di Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah. Pusat Penelitian Oseanografi LIPI. 62 hal.

Suharsono, Giyanto, Yahmantoro & JA Munkajee. 1998. Changes of Distribution and Abundance of Reef Fish in Jakarta Bay and Seribu Islands. In: Subagjo Soemodihardjo (ed). Proceedings Coral Reef Evaluation Workshop Pulau Seribu, Jakarta, Indonesia. Unesco. Jakarta Office dan LIPI.

Suharti, SR. 2012. Keanekaragaman jenis dan kelimpahan ikan karang di perairan Ternate, Tidore dan sekitarnya. Dalam: Ed.Giyanto. Ekosistem Pesisir Ternate, Tidore dan Sekitarnya, Provinsi Maluku Utara: 42-48

Susetiono & SR Suharti. 2010. BME Ekologi di Kab. Tapanuli Tengah (Hajoran). COREMAP-II LIPI Jakarta.

Wisha UJ, TAl Tanto & Ilham. 2016. Spatial distribution of sea surface temperature in west Sumatera seawaters associated with Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) event in transitional seasons (August-October) case study: Pasumpahan and Sibonta Island waters (Distribusi Spasial Suhu Permukaan Laut di Perairan Barat Sumatera Dikaitkan dengan Kejadian Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) pada Musim Peralihan (Agustus-Oktober) Studi Kasus: Perairan Pulau Pasumpahan dan Sibonta). Jurnal Ilmiah Geomatika, 22(1): 21-28

Wilson JR & AL Green 2009. Biological monitoring methods for assessing coral reef health and management effectiveness of Marine Protected Areas in Indonesia. Version 1.0. TNC Indonesia Marine Program Report 1/09. 44 pp.

Yusuf Y & AB Ali. 2001. Butterflyfish (Chaetodontidae) of Pulau Payar Marine Park. Proceedings of National Symposium on Pulau Payar Marine Park. 173 hal


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Powered by OJS | Design by ThemeOJS