Penetapan Kadar Kalsium dalam Pakan Formulasi untuk Zoea Awal Kepiting Scylla paramamosain

Idham Sumarto Pratama, Sri Juwana, Sandi Permadi

Abstract


Determination of Calcium Concentration in Formulated Feed for Early Zoea Crab Scylla paramamosain. Calcification process of the new shell during postmoulting of crab fries needs calcium from food and water in the environment. However, the digestive enzymes in the early phase of zoea have not functioned perfectly yet, so the artificial feed given in the ration of crab fries may be less digestable. Therefore, in this study Enzyplex (commercial enzyme) was added to the formulated feed for rearing of crab fries (zoea at early phase). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of calcium addition into the formulated feed on the growth and survival of mud crab Scylla paramamosain Zoea. The study was conducted in August 2015 for 3 days. Zoea were kept in ecoplast containers with a stocking density of 50 ind / L. Calcium-D Kalzana was added as much as 0 mg/g (A), 50 mg/g (B), 100 mg/g (C), 150 mg/g (D ), and 200 mg/g (E) per batter (34.50 g) of  formulated feed, with 9 replications for each treatment. All ecoplast containers were placed in a waterbath at 30°C. The results show that the addition of calcium at a dose of 50 mg/g can successfully support the growth of Zoea I into Zoea II (66%) with the highest survival rate (7.6 ± 4.98%). The size of cephalothorax (597.69 ± 65.81 m), abdomen ( 1135.39 ± 126.47 m), and telson (409.23 ± 61.80 m) are shown to be larger than the other four treatments.




Keywords


Scylla paramamosain, mud crab, early Zoea, calcium, formulated feed.

Full Text:

PDF ()

References


Ahearn GA, PK Mandal & A Mandal. 2004. Calcium regulation in crustaceans during the molt cycle: a review and update. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 137: 247-257.

Balai Besar Riset Perikanan Budidaya Laut. 2002. Pengembangan sentra-sentra andalan untuk budidaya kepiting bakau di Indonesia dan Vietnam. In: I. Soesilo (Ed). AustraliaIndonesia Fisheries Showcase. 20 years of collaborative research. Badan Riset Kelautan dan Perikanan & Australian Center for International Agricultural Research, 31 Juli 2002, Jakarta. p. 1.

Baylon JC. 2009. Appropiate food type, feeding schedule and Artemia density for the zoea larvae of the mud crab, Scylla tranquebarica (Crustacea:Decapoda:Portunidae). Aquaculture, 288: 190-195.

Cheng K, C Hu, Y Liu, S Zheng & X Qi. 2006. Effects of dietary calcium, phosphorus and calcium/phosphorus ratio on the growth and tissue mineralization of Litopenaeus vannamei reared in low-salinity water. Aquaculture, 251: 472-483.

Cholik F. 1999. Review of mud crab culture research in Indonesia. In: CP Keenan and A Blackshaw (Eds). Proceedings of an International Scientific Forum. Mud Crab Aquaculture and Biology. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, 21-24 April 1997, Darwin. p. 14-20.

Djunaidah IS, MR Toelihere, MI Effendie, S Sukimin & E Riani. 2004. Pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup benih kepiting bakau (Scylla paramamosain) yang dipelihara pada substrat berbeda. Ilmu Kelautan, 9(1): 20-25.

Erlando G, Rusliadi & Mulyadi. 2015. Increasing calcium oxidae (CaO) to accelerate moulting and survival rate vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Jurnal Online Mahasiswa Fak. Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Univ. Riau, 3(1): 1-14.

Fortes, R.D. 1999. Mud crab research and development in the Philippines: An overview. In: CP Keenan and A Blackshaw (Eds). Proceedings of an International Scientific Forum. Mud Crab Aquaculture and Biology. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, 21-24 April 1997, Darwin. p. 27-32.

Genodepa J, PC Southgate & C Zeng. 2004. Diet particle size preference and optimal ration for mud crab, Scylla serrata, larvae fed microbound diets. Aquaculture, 230: 493-505.

Gong J, K Yu, L Shu, H Ye, S Li, & C. Zeng. 2015. Evaluating the effects of temperature, salinity, starvation and autotomy on molting success, molting interval and expression of ecdyson receptor in early juvenile mud crab, Scylla paramamosain. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 464: 11-17.

Gunarto & Herlinah. 2015. Tingkat produksi crablet kepiting bakau Scylla paramamosain dengan pemberian pakan diperkaya dengan HUFA dan vitamin C pada fase larva. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis, 7(2): 511-520.

Hoang DD. 1999. Preliminary studies on rearing the larvae of the mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) in South Vietnam. In: CP Keenan and A Blackshaw (Eds). Proceedings of an International Scientific Forum. Mud Crab Aquaculture and Biology. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, 21-24 April 1997, Darwin. p. 147-152.

Holme M, PC Southgate & C Zeng. 2007. Survival, development and growth response of mud crab, Scylla serrata, megalopae fed semipurified diets containing various fish oil : corn oil ratios. Aquaculture, 269: 427-435.

Jantrarotai P, K Sirisintruwanich, S Pripanapong & C Chayarat. 2006. Morphological study in zoeal stages of mud crabs: Scylla olivace (Herbst, 1796). Kasetsart Journal (Natural Science), 40(2): 507-516.

Juwana S, I Aswandy & MGL Panggabean. 1987. Larval development of the Indonesian blue swimming crab, Portunus pelagicus (L) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Portunidae) reared in the laboratory. Marine Research in Indonesia, 26: 29-50.

Juwana S & S Permadi. 2013. Pengaruh penambahan lipid pada formulasi diet terhadap sintasan dan pertumbuhan burayak rajungan Portunus pelagicus. Oseanologi dan Limnologi di Indonesia, 39(1): 31-48.

Juwana S & S Permadi. 2014. Pembenihan kepiting Scylla serrata dengan pakan berupa nauplii Artemia dan diet formulasi di bak-bak keramik, akrilik dan ekoplas. Oseanologi dan Limnologi di Indonesia, 40(1): 43-54.

Macintosh DJ & ESP Tan. 1999. Workshop 1: Farming systems. In: CP Keenan and A Blackshaw (Eds). Proceedings of an International Scientific Forum. Mud Crab Aquaculture and Biology. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, 21-24 April 1997, Darwin. p. 199-200.

Nørum U, M Bodgaard, TV Pedersen & P Bjerregaard. 2005. In vivo and in vitro cadmium accumulation during the moult cycle of the male shore crab Carcinus maenas–interaction with calcium metabolism. Aquatic Toxicology, 72: 29-44.

Pan Q, X Chen, F Li, Y Bi & S Zheng. 2005. Response of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei to varying levels of calcium phosphate monobasic supplemented to a practical diet. Aquaculture, 248: 97-102.

Permadi S & S Juwana. 2015. Produksi benih kepiting Scylla paramamosain dengan ransum nauplii Artemia dan diet formulasi yang mengandung Spirulina dan digezym. Oseanologi dan Limnologi di Indonesia, 41(2): 181-203.

Peñaflorida VD. 1999. Interaction between dietary levels of calcium and phosphorus on growth of juvenile shrimp, Penaeus monodon. Aquaculture, 172: 281-289.

Pusat Data, Statistik dan Informasi KKP. 2013. Kelautan dan Perikanan dalam Angka 2013. Pusat Data, Statistik dan Informasi KKP, Jakarta. p. 212.

Quinitio, E.T., F.D. Parado-Estepa, O.M. Millamena, E. Rodriguez, & E. Borlongan. 2001. Seed production of mud crab Scylla serrata juveniles. Asian Fisheries Science, 14: 161-174.

Rostika R, I Insan & A Subakti. 2010. Peran kalsium pakan terhadap pertumbuhan yuwana lobster air tawar red claw (Cherax quadricarinatus) In: A Sudrajat (Ed). Prosiding Forum Informasi Teknologi Akuakultur 2010. Balitbang KP, 20-24 April 2010, Bandar Lampung. p. 795-801.

Ruscoe IM, GR Williams & CC Shelley. 2004. Limiting the use of rotifers to the first zoeal stage in mud crab (Scylla serrata Forskål) larval rearing. Aquaculture, 231: 517-527.

Susanto B, K Suwirya, I Setyadi & Zafran. 2006. Perbaikan teknik produksi benih kepiting bakau (Scylla paramamosain) di Balai Besar Riset Perikanan Budidaya Laut, Gondol-Bali. In: Prosiding Seminar Nasional Tahunan III Hasil Penelitian Perikanan dan Kelautan. Jurusan Perikanan dan Kelautan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada, 27 Juli 2006, Yogyakarta. p. 428-435.

Tavabe KR, G Rafiee, M Frinsko & H Daniels. 2013. Effects of different calcium and magnesium concentrations separately and in combination on Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) larviculture. Aquaculture, 412-413: 160-166.

Thirunavukkarasu, SA Nesakumari & A Shanmugam. 2014. Larval rearing and seed production of mud crab Scylla tranquebarica (Fabricius, 1798). International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 2(2): 19-25.

Nghia TT, M Wille, TC Binh, HP Thanh, N van Danh & P Sorgeloos. 2007. Improved techniques for rearing mud crab Scylla paramamosain (Estampador 1949) larvae. Aquaculture Research, 38: 1539-1553.

Wheatly MG. 1999. Calcium homeostasis in Crustacea: The evolving role of branchial, renal, digestive and hypodermal epithelia. Journal of Experimental Zoology, 283: 620640.

Wilder MN, DTT Huong, S Jasmani, V Jayasankar, T Kaneko, K Aida, T Hatta, S Nemoto & A Wigginton. 2009. Hemolymph osmolality, ion concentrations and calcium in the structural organization of the cuticle of the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii: Changes with the molt cycle. Aquaculture, 292: 104-110.

Zanotto FP & MG Wheatly. 2002. Calcium balance in crustaceans: nutritional aspects of physiological regulation. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part A Molecular and Integrative Physiology, 133(3): 645-660.

Zanotto FP, F Pinheiro, LA Brito & MG Wheatly. 2004. Some considerations on calcium homeostasis in semi-terrestrial crabs. International Congress Series, 1275: 89-95.

Zanotto FP, F Pinheiro & MG e Sá. 2009. The importance of dietary calcium consumption in two species of semi-terrestrial grapsoid crabs. Inheringia. Série Zoologia, Porto Alegre, 99(3): 295-300.

Zeng C & S Li. 1999. Effects of density and different combinations of diets on survival, development, dry weight and chemical composition of larvae of the mud crab Scylla paramamosain. In: CP Keenan and A Blackshaw (Eds). Proceedings of an International Scientific Forum. Mud Crab Aquaculture and Biology. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, 21-24 April 1997, Darwin. p. 159-166.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Powered by OJS | Design by ThemeOJS