Distribusi Ikan pada Wilayah Genangan Berbeda di Danau Tempe, Sulawesi Selatan

Rahmi Dina, Eko Harsono, Gema Wahyudewantoro, Lukman Lukman, Riky Kurniawan, Agus Waluyo, Jojok Soedarso, Mey Widoretno

Abstract


Fish Distribution at Different Inundation Areas in Lake Tempe, South Sulawesi. Lake Tempe area consists of permanent standing watersand non-permanent area (flooded area). This study aims to investigate the species and its relative abundance distribution, as well as the distribution of size, condition factor, and gonad maturity stage of dominant species at those different areas. Sampling was carried at high water level period (March, June, and August 2017) in 18 stations, stations 1 to 13 represent the non-permanent inundation areas, and stations 14 to 18 represent the permanent inundation area. Fish was caught using various gears. Fish was identified morphologically and the number was counted. The size of the dominant species was measured and the gonad maturity stage was determined. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results of this study show that the highest number of species is found in non-permanent inundation areas. Species that are only found in non-permanent inundation areas are Clarias batrachus, Anabas testudineus, Pangasianodon hypopthalmus, and Trichopodus pectoralis. The dominant fish in the non-permanent inundation area are Oxyeleotris marmorata, Channa striata, Oreochromis niloticus, Trichopodus trichopterus, and Pterygoplichthys pardalis. These fishes have contributed significantly to capture fisheries production. The most abundant fish is Barbonymus gonionotus. The condition factor and the gonad maturity stage of the B. gonionotusin in the both areas were not significantly different. Larger fishes and higher relative abundance of B. gonionotus, when the water level was rising, were found in permanent inundation area. It can be concluded that the existence of those different inundation areas is important for fisheries productivity in Lake Tempe



Keywords


fish species, flooded areas, Lake Tempe, spatial distribution

References


Affonso, A.G., de Queiroz, H.L. & de Moraes Novo, E. M. L. (2011). Limnological characterization of floodplain lakes in Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, Central Amazon (Amazonas State, Brazil). Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia, 23 (1), 95-108. doi: 10.4322/actalb.2011.023.

Aida, S.N. & Utomo, A.D. (2015). Striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) (Sauvage, 1878) movement and growth in Gajah Mungkur Reservoir, Central Java. Indonesian Fisheries Resources Journal, 21(1), 27-38.

Al Mahmud, N., Rahman, H.M.H., Mostakim, G.M. et al. (2016). Cyclic variations of gonad development of an air-breathing fish, Channa striata in the lentic and lotic environments. Fish Aquatic Sci. 19 (5) . https://doi.org/10.1186/s41240-016-0005-0.

Anene A. (2005). Condition factor of four cichlid species of a man-made lake in Imo State, Southeastern Nigeria. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 5, 43-47.

http://trjfas.org/uploads/pdf_277.pdf.

Augusta, T.S. dan S. Utami. 2014. Analisis hubungan kualitas air terhadap komunitas zooplankton dan ikan di Danau Hanjalutung. Jurnal Ilmu Hewani Tropika, 3(2), 30-35.

Bagenal T. 1978. Methods for assessment of fish production in fresh waters. Third edition. London: Blackwell Scientific Publications Ltd.

Batubara, A.S, Muchlisin, Z.A., Efizon, D., Elvyra, R., & Irham, M. (2019). Length-weight relationships and condition factors of the naleh fish, Barbonymus gonionotus (Pisces, Cyprinidae) harvested from Nagan Raya Waters, Indonesia. Vestnik Zoologii, 53, 75-82. Doi: 10.2478/vzoo-2019-0008.

Busacker, G. P., I. R. Adelman, dan E. M.Goolish. (1990). Growth. h. 363-382 In Schreck, C. B and P. B. Moyle (Eds.), Methods for fish biology. Maryland, USA: American Fisheries Society.

Caraballo, P., Forsberg, B. R, de Almeida, F.F. &Leite, R.G. (2014). Diel patterns of temperature, conductivity and dissolved oxygen in an Amazon floodplain lake: description of a friagem phenomenon. Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia, 26 (3), 318-331.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2179-975X2014000300011

Dina, R., Haryani, G.S. & Ali, F. (2015). Profil biologi ikan tawes (Puntius javanicus) saat tinggi muka air sedang/rerata di Danau Tempe, Sulawesi Selatan. In: Subehi, L., G.S. Haryani, C. Henny, and H. Wibowo (eds). Prosiding Seminar Nasional Limnologi VII tahun 2014 (pp. 138-148).

Dina, R., Wahyudewantoro, G. & Lukman. (2019). Status jenis iktio fauna Danau Tempe, Sulawesi Selatan. In Setyawan, A.D., Sugiyarto, A. Pitoyo, A. Widiastuti, G. Windarsih, dan Supatmi (Eds). Prosiding Seminar Nasional Masyarakat Biodiversitas Indonesia, 5 (2), 251-255.

Ellis, J.R.,Milligan, S. P.,Readdy, L., Taylor,N.,& Brown, M. J. (2012). Spawning and nursery grounds of selected fish speciesin UKwaters. Sci. Ser. Tech. Rep., CefasLowestoft. 147, 56. Retrieved from: https://www.cefas.co.uk/publications/techrep/TechRep147.pdf

Ernawati, Y., Kamal, M.M. & Pellokila, N.A.Y. (2009). Biologi reproduksi ikan betook (Anabas testudineus Bloch, 1792) di rawa banjiran Sungai Mahakam, Kalimantan Timur. Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia, 9(2), 113-127.

Froese, R. (2006). Cube law, condition factor and weight-length relationship: history, meta-analysis and recommendations. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 22, 241 - 253. Doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00805.x.

Giesen, W. (1994). Indonesia's major freshwater lakes: a review of current knowledge, development processes and threats. Internationale Vereinigung für Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie: Mitteilungen, 24 (1), 115-128.

DOI: 10.1080/05384680.1994.11904030

Gulland, J. A. (1969). Manual of methods for fish stock assessment, part 1 (Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations)

Gustiano, R & Pouyoud L. (2008). Systematic revision of the genera of Pangasiidae (Siluriformes, Ostariophysi). Indonesian Aquaculture Journal, 3 (1), 13-22.

Halls, A.S., & M. Johns. (2013). Assessment of the vulnerability of the Mekong Delta Pangasius catfish industry to development and climate change in the Lower Mekong Basin. Report prepared for the Sustainable Fisheries Partnership, January 2013, 95pp.

Harsono, E. (2014). Peta genangan permanen dan tidak permanen Danau Tempe. In Dina et al. (2014). Model rehabilitasi habitat untuk meningkatkan produktivitas ikan berkelanjutan dan lestari di rawa banjiran Danau Tempe. Laporan Akhir. Sub Kegiatan: Eksplorasi dan Pemanfaatan Terukur Sumber Daya Hayati (Darat dan Laut) Indonesia. Kompetitif LIPI. Tidak Dipublikasikan.

Harsono, E. (2016). Model sebaran spasial berlapis 2-dimensi pada beban tersuspensi di Danau Tempe. Oseanologi dan Limnologi di Indonesia, 1 (3), 51-67.

DOI: 1. 51. 10.14203/oldi.2016.v1i3.62.

Harsono, E. (2017). Konsep Pengelolaan Danau Tempe Berbasis Daya Dukung Ekosistem. Tidak Dipublikasikan.

Hayes, D. B., Bence, J. R., Kwak, T. J. & Thompson, B. E. (2007). Analysis and interpretation of freshwater fisheries data. In C. S. Guy and M. L. Brown (Eds.), Bethesda, MD: American Fisheries Society (p 327), USA

Hickling, C. F. (1961). Tropical inland fisheries. The Camelot Press, Great Britain.

Holden, M.J. & Raitt. D.F.S. (1974). Manual of fisheries science part 2: Methods and reources investigation and their application. Rome: Food and Organization of United Nations.

Jasalesmana, T., Nomosatryo, S., Harsono, E., Dina, R. & Ali, F. (2015). Keterkaitan parameter fisika, kimia dan biologi di Danau Tempe, Sulawesi Selatan. In Subehi, L., G.S. Haryani, C. Henny, and H. Wibowo (Eds.). Prosiding Seminar Nasional Limnologi VII tahun 2014. Bogor: Pusat Penelitian Limnologi LIPI, 297-307.

JASP Team. (2020). JASP (Version 0.13.1) [Computer software].

Jisr, N., Younes, G., Sukhn, C & El-Dakdouki, M.H. (2018). Length-weight relationships and relative condition factor of fish inhabiting the marine area of the Eastern Mediterranean city, Tripoli-Lebanon. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 44, 299–305.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejar.2018.11.004

Karachle, P. K. & Stergiou, K. I. (2012). Morphometrics and allometry in fishes. InWahl C.(Eds.),Morphometrics. ISBN: 978-953-51-0172-7, InTech, Available from

http://www.intechopen.com/books/morphometrics/morphometrics-and-allometry-in-fishes.

Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup Republik Indonesia (KLHK). (2014). Gerakan Penyelamatan Danau (GERMADAN) Tempe. Retrieved from : http://sipdas.menlhk.go.id/documents/813

Khallaf, E.A & Alne-na-ei, A.A. (1987). Feeding ecology of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus) & Tilapia Zillii (Gervias) in a Nile canal. Hydrobiologia, 146, 57-62.

Knud-Hansen, C.F., Batterson, T.R., McNabb, C.D., Hadiroseyani, Y., Dana, D. & Eidman, H.M. (1990). Hatchery techniques for egg and fry production of Clarias batrachus (Linnaeus). Aquaculture, 89, 9-19.

Kottelat, M. (2013). The fishes of the inland waters of Southeast Asia: a catalogue and core bibliography of the fishes known to occur in freshwaters, mangroves and estuaries. The Raffles Bulletin Of Zoology, 27, 1–663.

Kottelat, M., Whitten, A.J., Kartikasari, S.N., Wirjoatmodjo, S. (1993). Freshwater fishes of Western Indonesia and Sulawesi. Periplus Editions, Hong Kong.

Lehmusluoto, P & Machbub, B (Revised edition). (1997). National inventory of the major lakes and reservoirs in Indonesia: general limnology. Expedition Indodanau Technical Report. Research Institute for Water Resources Development, Ministry of Public Works Agency for Research and Development and Department of Limnology and Environmental Protection, University of Helsinki, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry (72 p) Bandung and Helsinki.

Li, Kuan-chung, Bao-sen Shieh, Yuh-wen Chiu, Da-ji Huang, & Shih-hsiung Liang. (2016). Growth, diet composition and reproductive biology of the invasive fresh water fish chevron snakehead Channa striata on a subtropical island. Zoological Studies,55, 53. doi:10.6620/ZS.2016.55-53.

Lleonart, J., Salat, J. & Torres, G.J. (2000). Removing allometric effects of body size in morphological analysis. Journal of Theoretical Biology,205, 85-93, ISSN 0022-5193.

Lubinski, B.J., Jackson, J.R., & Eggleton, M. A. (2008). Relationships between flood plain lake fish communities and environmental variables in a large river-floodplain ecosystem. Transactions of The American Fisheries Society, 137 (3), 895-908.

https://doi.org/10.1577/T06-112.1.

Muchlisin, Z. A., Musman, M., Siti-Azizah, M. N. 2010. Length-weight relationships and condition factors of two threatened fishes, Rasboratawarensis and Poropuntiustawarensis, endemic to Lake Laut Tawar, Aceh Province, Indonesia. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 26, 949–953.

Nasution, S H. (2015). Biodiversitas dan distribusi ikan di Danau Tempe. In Rahardjo, M.F., A. Zahid, R.K. Hadiaty, E. Manangkalangi, W. Hadie, Haryono, E. Supriyono (Eds). Prosiding Seminar Nasional Ikan Ke 8. Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (381-392). Bogor. Retrieved from http://iktiologi-indonesia.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/40-Syahroma.pdf

National Research Council. (1995). Wetlands: characteristics and boundaries. Washington, DC: The National Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/4766.

Nelson, J.S. (2006). Fishes of the world. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, New Jersey.

Ngor, P.B.,Grenouillet, G.,Phem, S., So, N., Lek, S. (2018). Spatial and temporal variation in fish community structure and diversity in the largest tropical flood-pulse system of South-East Asia. Ecol. Freshw

. Fish, 27, 1087–1100. https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12417

Nugraha, M.F.I., Julzarika, A., Radjamuddin, A., Reflinur, Yunita, R. Enggarini, W. & Novita, H. (2019). Study of aquatic plants and ecological- physics Tempe Lake, Sulawesi Selatan. TORANI: Journal of Fisheries and Marine Science, 2 (2), 105-115 Retrieved from. http://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/torani/article/view/7060/3899

Nwe Nwe Win. (2020). The length-weight relationship and condition factor of Barbonymus gonionotus from Nyaung Kaing In, Sagaing Division, Myanmar IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.,416 012016.

Doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/ 416/1/012016.

Pauly, D. (1984). Fish population dynamics in tropical waters:a manual for use with programmable calculators. Manila, ICLARM.

Paramitha, I.G.A.A.P & Yustiawati. (2018). Hubungan komposisi jenis vegetasi riparian dengan kualitas air di Danau Hanjalutung, Kalimantan Tengah. In Lukman, Zulti, F., Maghfiroh, M., & Sugiarti (Eds). Prosiding Pertemuan Ilmiah Masyarakat Limnologi Indonesia tahun 2017,(112-119). Retrieved from

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1xxajW6cBDTZXnYos6z950AXH4HfldDPo/view

Poulsen, A.F. and J. Valbo-Jørgensen, (Eds.). 2000: Fish migrations and spawning habits in the Mekong Mainstream – a survey using local knowledge.AMFC Technical Report. Mekong River Commission. Retrieved from

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335909799_FISH_MIGRATIONS_AND_SPAWNING_HABITS_IN_THE_MEKONG_MAINSTREAM_A_SURVEY_USING_LOCAL_KNOWLEDGE_BASINWIDE_Assessment_of_Mekong_Fisheries_Fish_Migrations_and_Spawning_and_the_Impact_of_Water_Management_Pro/citation/download

Rainboth, W.J. (1996). Fishes of the Cambodian Mekong. FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. FAO, Rome, 265 p.

Ramadhan, A., Triyanti, R. & Koeshendrajana, S. (2008).

Karakteristik dan nilai ekonomi sumberdaya perairan komplek Danau Tempe. Jurnal Kebijakan dan Riset Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan Perikanan, 3 (1), 89-102.

Samuel & Makmur, S. (2012). Estimasi parameter pertumbuhan, mortalitas dan tingkat pemanfaatan ikan tawes dan nila di Danau Tempe Sulawesi Selatan. BAWAL, 4 (1), 45-52

Samuel, Adjie, S. & Nasution, Z. (2002). Aspek lingkungan dan biologi ikan di Danau Arang-arang, Provinsi Jambi. Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia,8(1): 1-11.

Setiawan, F., Wibowo, H.( 2014). Karakteristik fisik Danau Tempe sebagai danau paparan banjir.In Chrismada T, M Fakhrudin, Nofdianto, DS Said, F Sulawesty (Eds.) Perkembangan Limnologi dalam Mendukung Pembangunan Berkelanjutan di Indonesia: Tantangan dan Harapan. Prosiding Pertemuan Ilmiah MLI (pp. 306-322) Cibinong 03 Desember 2013.

Sidik, R.A.R., Herawati, T., Sahidin, A. & Herawati, H. (2020). Growth pattern of silver barb, Barbonymus gonionotus (Bleeker, 1950) in downstream Cimanuk River of West Java Province. Global Scientific Journal, 8 (1), 551-558. www.globalscientificjournal.com.

Sparre P, Venema, S.C. (1999). Introduksi pengkajian stok ikan tropis. Pusat Penelitian dan Pe¬ngem¬bangan Perikanan, Jakarta (Terjemahan)

Sukmayanti (2007). Evaluasi perikanan tangkap dan prospek pengembangannya di Danau Tempe. Laporan Penelitian Dosen Muda, Fakultas Perikanan. Universitas Cokroaminoto. Makassar.Tidak Dipublikasikan.

Surur, F. (2014). Analisis dan arahan pengembangan kawasan Danau Tempe, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan dengan mempertimbangkan kearifan lokal. Tesis. Program Pasca Sarjana Insitut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.

Surur, F. 2015. Strategi adaptasi nelayan terhadap perubahan ekologis Danau Tempe di Desa Pallimae Kecamatan Sabbangparu Kabupaten Wajo. PLANO Madani, Jurnal Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota, 4 (1), 91-102. Retrieved from

http://journal.uin-alauddin.ac.id/index.php/planomadani/article/view/1020/991.

Suwarni.(1998). Hubungan kelompok ukuran panjang ikan belosoh (Glossogobius giuris) dengan karakteristik habitat di Danau Tempe, Kabupaten Wajo, Sulawesi Selatan.Tesis. Program Pasca Sarjana Insitut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.

Syaiful, M., Herawati, T., Bangkit, I., and Sahidin, A. (2019). Growth patterns of Silver Barb, Barbonymus gonionotus fish (Bleeker, 1850) in the Cipanas Reservoir Plan of West Java Province. Global Scientific Journal, 7 (10), 843-847. www.globalscientificjournal.com.

Welcomme, R.L. (1979). Fisheries ecology of floodplain rivers. Longman, London.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Powered by OJS | Design by ThemeOJS